Positioning Patients As A Routine Activity - 2179 Words

Positioning patients is a routine activity carried out by critical care nurses. For mechanically ventilated patients, positioning is aimed towards minimising skin breakdown, improving oxygenation and preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) (Thomas, Paratz, Lipman Stanton, 2007). According to Shah, Desai and Gohil (2012), therapeutic body positioning is different from routine body positioning when prescribed to optimise cardiopulmonary function and oxygen transport. It is utilised to improve ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) matching, lung volumes, secretion clearance and to reduce the work of breathing (Clini Ambrosino, 2005). Frequent turning and repositioning improves gas exchange and blood flow in the lungs and enhance drainage of pulmonary secretions (Blume Byrum, 2009). The belief that repositioning patients was beneficial originated in medical textbooks instructing nurses to reposition the patients every 4 hours to prevent skin breakdown and mobilise pulmonary secretions (Wanless Aldridge, 2011). As a standard of practice, nurses in the intensive care unit (ICU) turn and reposition patients every 2 hours to prevent complications associated with immobility, such as impaired mucociliary clearance due to accumulation of mucus in the dependent lung zones (Hess, 2005). Several studies have demonstrated that positioning can improve oxygenation in the mechanically ventilated patients with respiratory problems (Alsaghir Martin, 2008). This literature review willShow MoreRelatedEssay on Treatment of a Thick Mucus Found in the Lung 988 Words   |  4 Pagesphysiotherapeutic airway clearance techniques have great effects on the patients, however it may result unpleasant, uncomfortable and time-consuming. Keeping the airways clean of secretions helps preventing pulmonary infections and improving the lung function. These physiotherapeutic techniques are initially performed by a physiotherapist and then instructed to either the parents, in case of babies or infants affected, or the patients, in cases of teenagers and adults. In young childrenRead MoreComponents Of Marketing Research : External Environment1260 Words   |  6 Pageslive in poverty. However, these external environment factors continue to be uncontrollable, but we plan to adapt to their influences with the controllable mix elements from our internal environment. The internal environment is comprises of the activities inside of our marketing organization. We have some variables to make decisions and influence XYZ, Inc. marketing efforts, such variables as in our 7Ps of marketing. Product Justify that our current services are appropriate and suitable for the marketRead MoreApplying Standardized Codes Of Practice987 Words   |  4 PagesApplying Standardized Terminologies in Practice Many patients admitted to the stroke and orthopedic rehabilitation unit have impaired physical mobility. The length of time in rehabilitation is ten to fourteen days. Many times nurses, patients and family members form bonds that last long after the discharge. I recently had the opportunity to take care of a patient I will never forget. Mrs. C was admitted to the rehabilitation unit following recent hip surgery. She is eighty years old and had fallenRead MoreEssay On Social Play1263 Words   |  6 Pagesthe period of time she participated in each play activity was rather short. Therefore, Amelia’s motivation in the play transaction is rated as only slightly â€Å"intrinsic†. In general, Amelia is more motivated by activities that provide social interaction, exhibiting her preference for social play. Amelia demonstrated â€Å"internal† control as she initiated play, transitioned from one play activity to another and decided what to do to complete activities with the use of objects. For example, Amelia initiallyRead MoreThe Impact Of Wrist And Hand Splints On The Recovery Of Individuals Who Have Undergone Strokes?1445 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Lannin, Cusick, McCluskey, Herbert (2007), 82 patients were screened and found to be eligible for this study. However, 63 of inpatients in a medical institution agreed to participate in the study. A standard deviation on the characteristics of these participants was established for the 3 groups that ensured the patients were grouped in terms of gender, age and their scores on the monumental exam (pp.111). Other elements such as their proficiency in speaking English, years of educationRead MoreThe Human Body Is A Very Complex System In Which Thrives1611 Words   |  7 Pagesbefore a distinction was discovered between the dif ferent types. There are several things in which are secondary and or come hand in hand with diabetes that worsen or will predispose the body to another ailment. Obesity is a large factor amongst patients whom have this disease as well as peripheral artery disease or atherosclerosis. When blood flow to large areas is cut off the tissue begins to break down and eventually dies, resulting in gangrene. There are a several forms of gangrene and datesRead MoreThe Structure Of A Health Care Setting Involving Multiple1270 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this report is to discuss the structure of a health care setting involving multiple, professional disciplines collaborating to deliver optimal treatment to a patient through their individual services. Termed inter-professional collaborative practice (IPP), accomplishment is through discussion of cerebral palsy (CP) spastic diplegia, by focusing on a case study of a five-year-old boy called Harry with this condition, and the provision of his health care by various alliedRead MoreHourly Rounding1241 Words   |  5 PagesImprovement to Patient Care by Hourly Rounding A change that a nurse manager could implement that would help improve patient care is hourly rounding. In order to implement this change successfully, the nurse manager needs to clearly communicate the expectations, and then follow up with good monitoring. When the nurse manager sees the staff meeting the expectations the staff should be acknowledged rewarded/recognized and celebrated. On the other side, if the staff is not meeting the expectationsRead More Rheumatoid Arthritis Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagesare radiographic erosions and/or Perarticular osteopenia in hand and/or wrist joints (Ryan, pp 57).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Diagnosing and treating rheumatoid arthritis is a team effort between the patient and several types of health care professionals. When assessing a patient with RA, the professional should be looking at their activities of daily living, productivity skills and interests, leisure skills and interests, active and passive range of motion, muscle strength, hand functions, endurance, and cognitive featuresRead MoreNurses Are Accountable For Delivering Safe Pressure Ulcer Prevention For Patients2107 Words   |  9 PagesNurses are accountable for delivering safe pressure ulcer prevention for patients who are at risk. Pressure ulcers can cause considerable amount of pain and distress in patients with nutritional deficiencies and can also cause high healthcare expenses due to extended hospital stay. Marlene Varga defines a pressure ulcer as â€Å"a localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear† (Varga, 2015, p. 26)

The Battle Of The World War - 1455 Words

It is generally considered that the Pacific War began on 7/8 December 1941, when Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as America’s state of Hawaii, where they bombed the military bases there. Australia entered World War II shortly after the invasion of Poland, declaring war on Germany on 3rd September 1939. By the end of the war, almost a million Australians had served in the armed forces, who fought primarily in the European theatre, North African campaign, and the South Pacific theatre. The Second World War saw the involvement of Australian troops more than ever and the closest to home. In addition, for the first time in history, attacks were aimed at mainland Australia. According to esteemed British author and military historian Antony Beevor, â€Å"The Second World War was such a huge combination of different conflicts that it’s almost impossible to point to a single battle as a turning point† During the war some turning points for the Allies were; The Fall of Singapore, The Bombing of Darwin, The Battle of the Coral Sea, The Battle of Midway and The Kokoda Campaign. The United States Forces also played a big role in the war in The Pacific Theatre and the turning points for The Australian Forces. The Japanese Bombing of Pearl Harbour on 7th December 1941 was the starting point of the war in The Pacific Theatre and a significant event for the Allies, Australia in particular. The attack severely damaged the main AmericanShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of The World War1608 Words   |  7 Pages In 1914 the first World War broke out in the center of Europe which divided the great empires practically in half. On one side there was an alliance which was composed of the Germans who were allied with the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary were up against what was called the Triple Entente. This alliance originally consisted of Great Britain, France, Russia, and eventually after lots of deliberation, America. As battling began in the North Eastern part of France advancements in technology andRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War2783 Words   |  12 Pages Gallipoli; The Battle that should not have been Entering the twentieth century, the possibility of a World War seemed to loom in the clouds for some time. At that point, the world had not yet seen a war as massive as what was to come. Due to an increase in militarism, nationalism, internal conflict, and some key events, war was eminent. Great nations chose sides, and became what would be called the Central Powers or the Allied Powers. 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In the middle of World War II in 1939, a photographer captured a commemorative picture of a soldier/father kissing his daughter goodbye before her dad leaves Britain. Not only does the photograph show the impacts that World War II hadRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II995 Words   |  4 PagesAlyssa Humphrey Humphrey, 1 April 21, 2015 2nd On September 1, 1939 Germany invaded Poland. Britain and France declared war on Hitler s Nazi Germany in retaliation. Humiliated and dissatisfied with their loss in World War I Germany wanted a powerful leader who could bring them to a strong victory. Invading the whole world meant there would be other countries stronger then they were. By this time, the Japanese had built a strong naval offense system known as the Combined Fleet commanded by IrorokuRead MoreThe Battle Of The Second World War1018 Words   |  5 Pagesspeaking, the Second World War is predominantly known, as the most devastating war mankind has ever to witness. World War II is responsible for an estimated sixty million deaths (military and civilian) and mass destruction on a global scale (Weinberg 894). Currently, there are several novels, articles, documentaries, and even video games that narrate the war experiences of certain World War II servicemen and women. All of which depict and explain the gruesome horrors of this particular war. AdditionallyRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1345 Words   |  6 Pages World War II, intensified tensions between two of the strongest countries in the 1940s, the United States of America and Japan. On December 7,1941, Japanese planes and submarines attacked the American Naval base at pearl harbor, one of America’s largest bases and the largest base in the Pacific Ocean.The attack caused serious damage to the base, taking out America’s strongest battleships, killing thousands of people, and destroying hundreds of planes. America officially enters World War II. TheRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1047 Words   |  5 PagesThe first time aircrafts are seen playing major roles in World War II Germany and Japan had begun to attack the nation. Germany and Japan began their initial attacks strong with air strikes, first attacking Holland, Denver, France, and England. When the British retaliated, they had cutting-edge fighters guided by radar. The Battle for Britain was one of the first battles fought solely in the air, keeping Germany from taking control of Britain’s airways. Japan also began its attack on the U.S viaRead MoreThe Battle Of World War II1168 Words   |  5 Pages The Battles of World War II Normandy Invasion, D-Day In December 1943, the head of staff of the Allies picked American General Dwight D. Eisenhower as incomparable administrator for the Allies in Europe. English General, Sir Frederick Morgan, added to various arrangements for the Allies, most uncommon was Operation Overlord, a full-scale intrusion of France over the English Channel. This was the codename for the most mysterious summon in the war. The initial plan was to cross the English ChannelRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II1315 Words   |  6 PagesSam Carter L9 To What Extent was the Battle of Stalingrad a More Important Turning Point in World War II than the Battle of Britain? The Battle of Stalingrad was fought from the September 1942 through to early February 1943, and took place after the Germans had reached the fringes of Leningrad and Moscow in operation Barbarossa. Hitler’s, and the German commander of the sixth army, General von Paulus’ main aim was to take and secure the oil fields of Caucasus in Russia. The oil from here would

Social Expectations and Identity Development Free Essays

string(110) " expectations and rules that don’t belong to the society where he lives, but rather to a 4 foreign society\." Mounia RBIHA SSK1204 Social Expectations and Identity Development 1 The task that the individual is confronted to during his adolescence is to get socialized. Adolescents are strongly requested to deal with socialization. During this process, the adolescent encounters all the society’s demands and standards. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Expectations and Identity Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now The challenge that remains at that stage for the adolescent is to form his own place in the society where he lives. Moreover, he has to feel that he fits in that place. All through the socialization, the adolescent has to consider the social expectations because he can’t forge his personality regardless of the surrounding environment and the external rules. Social expectations can push the adolescents to change their behaviors, their way of thinking. Actually, social expectations shape the identity of the adolescent. Freedom and independence are two major concepts that the individual tries to search for during his adolescence. Freedom and independence have a special meaning for the adolescent which is to not to be compelled or forced to do something. The adolescent doesn’t want to feel the pressure on him. This pressure becomes greater when it comes to social rules and expectations because the adolescent may feel that he is judged according to the society’s standards and conventions. Sometimes, adolescents may perceive these expectations as a challenge that they have to win, and according to Crockett and Silbereisen, â€Å"adolescents are thought to perceive social expectations and to define tasks for themselves based on these expectations†, (p. 6, 1999). From this view, the social expectations seem inescapable. The adolescent can’t deal with the external world without these expectations. This requirement is frequently responsible for the rebellion. (Geldard, Geldard, 2004). The adolescent feels that he is surrounded by different rules that don’t fit necessarily his personality. So, sometimes he feels the need to make some changes in his behavior to make it more socialized. This change that occurs varies from an adolescent to 2 another depending on how the adolescent accept it. Some of them can perceive that change as a necessity and as a need. So, he would do his best to create a space where he can match his own needs and what he is expected to do. Others would perceive it as a duty where they feel no responsibility. Their change would be not effective since they don’t think that they are in a need of such adjustment to create a harmony between themselves and the society’s expectations. The social expectations involve the interaction with others. In fact, the adolescent cannot form his identity without developing some relationships that link him with the others, as it is said by David Geldard and Kathryn Geldard in their book Counseling Adolescents, â€Å" the adolescent can only construct a personal identity in the context of relationship with others† (2004, p. 1). This fact leads to recall the childhood. Childhood is also a stage in one’s life where the individual is being used to get in touch with the external world. By starting to be socialized, social expectations begin at that specific period of life. Children are supposed to behave in such a way that would make the others call them, sweet or c ute. Nobody would hear someone call a kid a devil in a serious way. Actually, children are expected to be angels. No one can imagine an evil act done by a kid. In the Moroccan society, children are often asked to call someone that they don’t really know khalti or aami depending on the gender, which can be translated as â€Å"aunt† or â€Å"uncle†. Everybody becomes an aunt and an uncle, from the friend of the mother to the neighbor passing by the seller. This naming is spread all over Morocco. It is a rule that links young people and older people. It is a sign of respect regards the older persons. This fact shows one of the society’s expectations regards the individual that starts from childhood and continue during adolescence until adulthood. At that point, children begin to be aware of the presence of different behaviors that are not all accepted and where the choice is not allowed. In fact, they understand that the choice had been done by the society, and this society expects from that child to behave according to its choice. Actually, while being a child, the individual is not given a lot of choice. Most of t he time, he does what older people ask him to do, which he believes is the best alternatives. But at the same time, these demands at this age help children to get used to such expectations that will become bigger and heavier to stand over the next coming years. During the growing up process, the adolescent meets at each stage more social expectations. Sometimes, they get more complicated. In fact, social expectations are the mould where the identity of the individual is put. They define and draw the borders of the identity. According to Levesque in his book Not by Faith Alone, â€Å"social expectations inspire the identity formation process as much as the more obvious biological and cognitive changes. † (2001, p. 36). This is to say that they play a huge role in determining the attitude of the adolescent towards himself and towards the whole society. Due to the hardness of the task of coping with these expectations, there are some adolescents that meet them and others who are unable to achieve them. At the adolescence stage, it is difficult to deal with the society’s expectations. People who are in this case are overwhelmed by these expectations. (Geldard. K, Geldard. D) . For those people, this feeling of inability that haunts them would push them to an â€Å"anti-social behavior† (Geldard. D, Geldard. K. , p. 12, 2004), which is most of the time rebellion. Since he cannot get socialized, the individual chooses isolation. Other times, he can choose to do exactly the opposite of what he is expected to do. For instance, following a set of expectations and rules that don’t belong to the society where he lives, but rather to a 4 foreign society. You read "Social Expectations and Identity Development" in category "Essay examples" The outcomes of those situations are several. Delinquency is one of them. The adolescent can’t find his place among the society members. He starts to search for ways to belong to the marginalized peers, which meets the isolation concept. In fact, this turning to that marginalized members reveals a real lack in the need of belonging. The belonging need is not met, (Geldard,D. , Geldard, K. , 2004). The inability to belong to a group may affect the self esteem of the adolescent. Thus, it can bring a sense of doubt in his own capacities about undertaking some initiatives. This lack of self confidence may push the adolescent to avoid any kind of susceptible situation, as it was said by Eriksson (Muuss, 1999) in his theory of identity development in the conflict about autonomy, shame and doubt. In contrast, people who achieve these expectations feel that their goal is reached, which is about to get socialized. They feel more and more comfortable in that new place where they have just settled. This achieved goal can bring a feeling of satisfaction. The individual can start to be proud of himself and more self confident. Thus, a higher self-esteem of himself could be attained. It would allow him to undertake more initiatives and to be more willing to take actions. In that situation, it is the autonomy part of Eriksson’s theory that it is being satisfied. The adolescent would be no more afraid of relying on himself because he knows that he succeeded in doing the hardest task that he would be asked to accomplish during his entire life, which is to get socialized. Social expectations vary from a society to another depending on its standards and conventions that are tightly related to culture and religion. But in fact, Havighurst, (as cited in Geldar, Geldar. , 2004), has defined some tasks that the adolescent has to make adjustments on and has to achieve. These tasks concern at first the gender and sexual role 5 of the adolescence. The adolescent must accept the role that is attributed to him and create according to that role relationships with peers who belong to that society. Secondly, the adolescent is expected to start preparing his future life by developing some intellectual skills which would help him to have an occupation that will ensure an economic independence. This economic independence will bring the adolescent to prepare for a family life. Finally, the adolescent is required to build a set of values that fit with the environment where he lives in. These expectations form a sequence of achievements. Each expectation generates another one. Also, as the individual goes into age, he faces more complicated expectations that aim mainly the future life that is about adulthood. Moreover, those social expectations vary according to gender. Females and males are not expected to do the same things or to have the same goals or values. In fact, the expectation that was previously mentioned about the sex role is tightly related to this one. Each gender has its own role. Girls may feel that their main goal is to get married and to have children. Boys have to be always strong and never display or show any weakness. These expectations exert a huge pressure on both genders. Additionally, due to these expectations, girls may form long-term goals. They would stop thinking about the present moment, but rather start to prepare for their future lives as spouses and as mothers. Boys, would never act like they feel like to. They would always remember that they don’t have to show their feelings. Failing in achieving these goals and coping with them is often responsible for the appearance of the violent behavior as it is said in Counseling Adolescents. Social expectations could be perceived as a limitation of the development of the dentity. But in some cases, it is considered as the element that saves the individual from 6 identity confusion. The adolescent has to find a landmark that would guide him through the process of the development of his identity. Eriksson refers to peers’ expectations that can be considered also as social expectations since they are members of the society. According to him, the adolescent is in need of these expectations that come specifically from his peers to start having a sense of his identity which is different from the one that he gets from his parents. This distance that the adolescent creates towards his parents marks the end of the strong emotional dependence that he had with them—the departure. To maintain this relationship with parents, the adolescent has to respond to some expectations. Parents often, expect from their children to be and to do what they had wanted to be in their youth. Sometimes they don’t realize deeply what they are asking their children to do. These behaviors can bring the adolescent to form what is called a false identity. The individual doesn’t consider his own needs, or sometimes he can only perceive his needs through the others’ needs. As it is said in Normal Child and Adolescent Development, â€Å"a false identity is also established in adolescents who have grown up in a family in which they continually adapted to their parents’ needs and expectations at the expense of their own innate needs†, (Gemelli, p. 478, 1996). They just want to see and recall their own youth through the one of their children. But at a certain moment, parents find themselves in the obligation of withdrawing from their children’s lives (Geldard, Geldard. , 2004) to give them the opportunity to become independent. Eriksson (Muuss, 1996) believes that this stage of independence is crucial for the adolescent â€Å"to attain a mature identity†, (p. 52). In fact, while the parents’ expectations vanish from the adolescent life, the social expectations in contrast, follow him through all his life. Actually, these expectations help him to stay focus on his own identity and 7 according to Erikson (Muuss, 1996), these expectations becomes more important at the period of entering adulthood because they are more likely to cause crisis due to the fundamental changes that they may set off. Living in a community requires giving oneself up to its rules. Social expectations are the primary rules that the individual is confronted to during all his life. So, the individual can not act and react only depending on his own point of view. A whole society must be considered. In fact, it is not a simple task for an adolescent, especially when he is in a position that doesn’t allow him to judge any of those expectations. Thus, the formation of his identity depends on how he coped with these social expectations and if he reached his goals by accomplishing the tasks that these expectations define for him. How to cite Social Expectations and Identity Development, Essay examples

Paraphrase for Performance Measurement Systems -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theParaphrase for Performance Measurement Systems. Answer: Planning: Theory: Planning helps to design a possible action that needs to be undertaken by a company. In order to achieve the successful implementation of any organizational strategy, the company must plan how it will allocate its various resources and how will it use organizational capacities in the most effective way. Planning is an important step that involves the act of formulating goals as well as envisioning strategies for future success. The formulation of business specific objectives can only helps in understanding the procedures of achieving organizational success (Lent Brown, 2013). As a result, the planning skill is an important skill required to be present in a manager. Business planning as well as strategic planning needs to be executed simultaneously or individually depending on the expectation and strategy of the organization. An effective planning skill helps a manager predict the possibility of performance degradation of employees or anticipate the possibility of organizational fail ure in the long run, and adopt effective strategies that can help to combat the same (Miner, 2015). However, the goals set by the manager must be framed in accordance with the performance measurement systems approved by the company. The business plan of an organization usually comprises of the business and product description, an analysed report on market condition, the implementation strategy of the formulated plan as well as a budget plan. The section named companys descriptions helps in enlighrening the reader about the companys vision, its organizational structure and its legal obligations. On the other hand, the product descriptions section helps in giving an insight into the unique features of the product. The market analysis report provides detailed idea about the market size, the nature of competition and the demographic details of the consumers (Morgeson et al., 2013). Again, the implementation strategy details how the plan can be executed using the available resources. Lastly, the budget plan will help in showing how much expense is incurred on each course of action, and includes a balance sheet, cost and cash flow analysis and a budget. A strategic planning is equally important as it helps the company to evaluate the internal and external factors that may deserve attention as far as the implementation of organizational plans is concerned (Mathieu et al., 2016). Findings: The responses as recorded by interviewing the manager suggested that a common practice of planning is followed in the organization. Yet at the same time, there remains certain discrepancies as the business plan or the strategic plan has not be properly addressed by the respective personnel such as the Security Manager and Operations Manager. There seems to be limited opportunity for innovative plans in the Victoria University planning process (McShane Von, 2015). As evident from the responses of the interviewees, the planning process has been divided into various parts and each part of the planning process is being assigned to a distinct level of management. For instance, the strategic planning is expected to be carried by the management level of employees, while the task of operative as well as tactical planning has been allocated to the specific departments and middle management section of the organization. Analysis: After reflecting on the planning process of Victoria University, it can b suggested that a little bit of creativity and innovation need to be incorporated in the business plan. As the responses were being analyzed, it became evident that the excessive intervention of the organizational leaders in various levels of decision-making and planning process is hindering the prospect of creative planning process (Mihalache et al., 2014). It is recommended that the organization tries to implement the practice of implementing a collective framework of planning process, whereby the managers will also be involved in the planning process, so that they can offer a multifaceted impression of the performance if various sectors of the organization and accordingly implement corrective measures. Organizing: Theory: Often the managers in an organization are not able to accomplish successful implementation of the planned activities, simply because they fail to adopt an organized approach. The managers should have an organized approach while allocating each planned task to a specific person. The organized approach is also important as it helps in effective management as well as proper coordination during the planning process. This is important as it helps the employees understand the exact needs and expectations of the organization (Nahavandi et al., 2013). It is the duy of the manager to secure the levels of authority, allocate the planned activities effectively to the employees and thereby organize the entire workforce. Without an organized approach, the manager will fail to explain the organizational structure to the employees that will explain how each planned activity has been distributed amongst the different levels of the employees (Pinder, 2014). The organizational structure is defined as the interrelation existing between the various departments of the organization and the individual and their common functions. Adapting the organizational structure of a hierarchy actually refers to the categorical distribution of the relevant levels in an organization, and the employees enjoying a high position in a hierarchy usually enjoy additional power and responsibility at the same time. As far as the organizational function of a manager is concerned, he is responsible for delegating the duties to the respective employees (Robbins and Judge, 2012). The managers should take into consideration the existing activities alongside the strategic changes that needs to be incorportaed in the tasks. The manager should first understand the skills and abilities of the employees, and accordingly only should assign the tasks to the employees of different departments. As an organizer, the manager should try t unite and integrate the activities of the similar groups and increase the division of work in the organization. Since the departmental organization helps in limiting the size of the tasks, it becomes easier for the employees to achieve the tasks as well. The next stage in the process of organization is to categorize the authority, that also involves understanding the consequences for the exchange of responsibility as well as reporting ( Stadler , 2015). There are various ways by which a manager can departmentalize the work, as he may organize the work by function, geography, product type or customer base. Some of the large scale organizations have been found using multiple methods of departmentalization. Besides, the act of organizing also involves the act of designing the individual jobs within the workplace. The leaders should try to strike a balance between responsibility and authority so that the head of each department does end up misusing their positions. Findings : The organizational aspect of the planning process has been considered to an important aspect in the management process at Victoria University. As suggested from the responses of the managers, the managers the organization process by aligning it with the management of the human resources, financial resources and other resources (Wagner Hollenbeck, 2014). The managers keep on organizing various interactive sessions with the employees, that help them to develop a clear understanding of the responsibilities of their assigned works that ensure effective implementation of the strategic plans (Shortell Kaluzny, 2013). Analysis: As per the response of the manager of the organization, Mrs. Geeta Kumar, the organizational function plays an important role in order to organize every resource at the right time and right place and ensures the accomplishment of the organizational goals. By reflecting on the organization capability of the given organization, it can be stated that the organization needs to adopt a sophisticated communication channel, that will help to link the various departments of the organization, and will help in effective implementation of the strategic plans (Shortell Kaluzny, 2013). In order to improve the leadership skills within the organization, the managers can also consider the idea of reorganizing the activities of various leaders of the organization. Leading: Theory: The third important function of a manager is to lead the employees in each activities in order t ensure successful implementation of the plans. The process of leading the employees helps the managers to motivate the employees, interact and communicate with the employees so that they can successfully fulfill the needs and expectations of the organization. The managers are capable of commpnading the employees since they enjoy the leadership position within the organization (McShane Von, 2015). The managers should not only allocate the jobs to the respective employees, but need to inform them about the specific requirements of the tasks, while enjoying their leadership position (Robbins Judge, 2012). The managers should also supervise that th employee are able to meet the task deadlines and provide guidance in case the employees lack competence to achieve a particular task. Findings: As far as the Victoria University is concerned, it has been observed that the leadership style of the executives play an important role in motivating the large workforce of the organization. The leaders of the organization follow a democratic and participatory leadership style which encourage all the employees of the organization participate in the decision-making process and resolve the issues of the organization (Nahavandi et al., 2013). As per the responses of the interview, the executives of the Victoria University assume situations that help them to react to the complex and multiple changes within the business market. At the same time, it is to be noted that the emergence theory is also important feature that characterizes the leadership function of the organization. Analysis: The analysis of the leadership functions of Victoria University shows that the participatory style of leadership is appreciated by most of the employees of the organization that help in talent retention. However, the financial compensation constraints are often unnoticed by the management authority. Hence, the senior managers need to respond to the financial as well as the non-financial motivation in order to improve and retain employees.